The time varying coordinates of the point at which we want to evaluate the temperature can be entered as the coordinates of the destination map. To map the solution from one domain into the other domains that are offset by a known displacement along the x-axis, the destination map uses the expression x-Disp for the x-expression. Note: This discussion is about an older version of the COMSOLMultiphysics software. Struts are activated once the excavation reaches their depths by using a boolean expression. Modeling an Excavation in COMSOL. All our employees have been thoroughly trained in Statistical Process Control (SPC), assuring our customers of cost-effective production from extrusion to finishing. I will always remember a Geotechnical Engineering class I took during the pursuit of my Civil Engineering degree. How did you select the source in the general extrusion settings? To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Using a General Extrusion operator to refer to the electric potential at a point on the other side of the junction. The corresponding normal current density for the Normal Current Density 2 node applied to edge 3 is -Js*(exp((V-genext1(V))/kTbyq)-1). It also provides design assistance and engineering support. listed if standards is not an option). The parts can exist in geometries of different space dimensions. Click replace expression and go to solid mechanics, displacement, and choose total displacement. The model is solved in two steps first, the Laminar Flow physics interface is solved, and then the Transport of Diluted Species interface is solved. we first need to invert the expression L=\frac{x_s}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x_s}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}) and write x_s in terms of L. Thats no fun at all! COMSOL Multiphysics(r) fan, retired, former "Senior Expert" at CSEM SA (CH), Topology Optimization Electric Motor: General extrusion, Accessing Nonlocal Variables with Linear Extrusion Operators, How to Compute Distances Between Objects in COMSOL Multiphysics, Galleria dei Modelli e delle App di Simulazione, 2023 da COMSOL. Mapping of data defined on a cross section (left) around an axis of symmetry and into a volume (right). When using Linear Extrusion operators, we visually indicate the mappings for enough points (bases) and COMSOL Multiphysics figures out how to transform the remaining points. If you have already computed the solution to the finite element problem, then you can simply evaluate temperature at the destination points by clicking on the update solution option in the Study toolbar, or you can dynamically probe the variable genext1(T) evaluated at a point while you compute the solution to the finite element problem. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. Left: Temperature varies linearly from left to right. Thanks for replying. Additional settings are shown below. To add a General Extrusion operator, we go to Definitions > Component Couplings > General Extrusion. It also provides design assistance and engineering support. For the y-axis data, the expression is y, and for the x axis, the expression is u, with millimeters as units. The source domain(s) can be the domain(s) on which the destination point(s) are defined. Select the top strut and then total force as the load type. General Extrusion coupling operator settings. Lets consider a laser heating example where you have a moving heat source, the laser, and a moving geometry. This moving load is then transformed into the rotating coordinate system via the General . Accessing Nonlocal Variables with Linear Extrusion Operators - COMSOL The periodic modeling domain and the fluid flow solution. Click the player button again to view all the parameter values in succession. From the Extrude from list, select Faces to extrude planar faces from the 3D geometry. Then the naming and differentiation between time and spatial variables is basically a convention issue, the math behind does not really change For example, if the intermediate mesh is in 2D space, there is no z-expression field. Editing and Repairing Imported Meshes in COMSOL Multiphysics, Exploiting Hardware Parallelism with COMSOL Batch Sweeps, The Graphics Window: Effective and Beautiful Postprocessing, Thank you so much for this article, I was in need of something that shows the mathematical operations of the extrusion coupling. However, this approach did not work for a point moving on a surface that is between two domains, i.e. unfortunately, I get the following error. The velocity field is given by u and v, the fluid velocity in the x and y-directions, respectively. Frontiers | Development of multiphysics coupling system for nuclear Lets now explore how to use a General Extrusion operator to copy data from a 2D axisymmetric component to a 3D component, such that the source and destination points correspond to the same point in space. Hi We can similarly evaluate the temperature at any other point. Extruding Data Along a Direction the setting of the extrusion is shown in the attachment (the .PNG file ). The first boundary load is added for the horizontal soil boundaries. When modelling in Comsol Multiphysics, we often have to map between entities a few examples: For these purposes the General Extrusion coupling is very powerful but it can also slow down solution of your model dramatically lets look at a, slightly artificial but illustrative, example. We can simply enter the time varying coordinates in the x, y, and z-expressions of the destination map. To model such a situation, we want to solve the Navier-Stokes equations for the flow. The components of this velocity field are now defined in all of the repeated domains via the General Extrusion operator: genext1(u) and genext1(v), respectively. In the 4.0a interface i do not know where to define the variable Va ( source) and its expression (V). It is also possible to define the mapping in terms of coordinate systems. General Extrusions, Inc. can provide complete aluminum extrusion components including your finish requirements. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. problem with general extrusion - comsol.de Nonlocal Couplings and Coupling Operators - COMSOL Multiphysics This graph shows the wall deflection or horizontal displacement as a function of depth for different excavation steps. Disp is defined as one of three different scalars (0,1.5,3 mm) as per the fourth figure. For circular periodicity, a rotation matrix, not a linear shift, must be used in the destination map. The plot below shows the graph for temperature evaluated at a point located 0.5 inches from the center of the rotating disk: Schematic diagram of COMSOL coupling with external code RMC. Good luck Add boundary 8 and change the y-axis data expression to v and use millimeters as the unit. Today, we have discussed how to use General Extrusion operators to create mappings for copying variables from one part of a simulation domain to another. The same transforms can be implemented in three dimensions. Extruding Data Along a Direction I tried to use your method but I failed. Considering a variable defined on the xy-plane within a unit square centered at the origin, as shown above, it is possible to implement a variety of transforms simply via different destination maps, and leaving the source map unchanged. Extruding Data Along a Direction Settings used to map data from a boundary parallel to the xy-plane along the z direction. Enter in the equation shown which is the ramp function of the wall deflection, with an added term limiting the expression to occur only when the depth is below the strut. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. Using the General Extrusion Coupling Operator in COMSOL: Dynamic Probe With the General Extrusion operator defined, we can now use it throughout the model. Note: This discussion is about an older version of the COMSOL Multiphysics . In the case of General Extrusion operators, we write out the mathematical description of the mapping for an arbitrary point in the destination. Extrusion Model Coupling Operator takes a local concentration as an argument at the following boundary and evaluates it at the corresponding point at the leading boundary. For this example, we will be modeling in 2D plane strain, using the solid mechanics interface and a stationary study. Examples of the General Extrusion Operator - COMSOL Multiphysics Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. The operator genext1 is not known inside the 3D component comp2; neither is T. If we want to use the temperature from the 2D axisymmetric component as an input in the 3D component, we have to use comp1.genext1(comp1.T). This problem can be solved by using a General Extrusion coupling operator to dynamically map the solution at a particular point (moving or stationary) onto a fixed source. Simulation Organogenesis in COMSOL: Deforming and Interacting Domains Next, well look at how to use a General Extrusion operator to specify implicit relations. Take a look at the figure below. Currently we are ISO 9001 certified. General Extrusions, Inc. continues its tradition as a leading manufacturer of aluminum extrusions where quality always comes first. In practice, COMSOL Multiphysics does not construct an analytic expression for the inverse of the source map. Thus, the latter quantity from a source point P_s needs to be copied to the destination entity. Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this data along the z direction. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. Extrusion operators are used to construct pointwise relations between source and destination points. The Graphics Window: Effective and Beautiful Postprocessing, Generating Microsoft PowerPoint Slideshows from Your Models, Combining Adaptive Mesh Refinement with Data Filtering. The incident heat flux from the laser is modeled as spatially varying, with time varying coordinates for the location of the incident heat flux. Next, let's take a look at the settings of the . at an interface. All you need are the time-dependent coordinates of the point where you would like to evaluate the temperature. Can you help me out? Now, if desired, it is possible to model the entire device shown above. I have defined a general extrusion coupling operator to obtain the dependent variable (in my heat transfer case, the temperature "T") at a boundary. The species concentration (shown in color) is solved in all three repeating domains. Note that V refers to the electric potential at a point on the top side while genext2(V) refers to the electric potential vertically on the bottom side. I defined a general extrusion operator, then defined variables such as T_sf = genext1(comp1.T), Y_sf = genext1(Y) and so. Settings used to map data from a boundary parallel to the xy-plane along the z direction. Both cases involve mapping between points that share the same x-coordinate. There are some models. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. A circular micro-electrode array with three phases is designed and prototyped using PolyMUMPs process for AC electro-osmotic flow pumping. Welcome to General Extrusions Inc. Forming an assembly creates an identity pair between the wall soil and wall diaphragm boundaries. There are two ways to model an excavation in COMSOL Multiphysics, both of which include a parametric sweep. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. At any given time, the (x, y, z) coordinates of this point are given by: (0.5[in]*cos(t), 0.5[in]*sin(t), 2.75e-4[m]), where is the angular velocity of the rotating wafer disk. The following types of Extrusion Coupling Operators are available: How to use the General Extrusion - COMSOL Multiphysics | Facebook It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. The periodic velocity field, indicated by the arrows, is solved in one domain and mapped into the others. Mapping of data defined on a cross section (left) around an axis of symmetry and into a volume (right). This computed flow field can then be used as input for the convection-diffusion equation governing the species concentration. Version 4.1 An example of defining such a rotation matrix is detailed in this previous blog post. Thus, two extrusion operators are required. Several cases are illustrated in the table below. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Using General Extrusion Operators to Model Rotation | COMSOL Blog Mapping of data between different components in the model to perform submodeling, Mapping between components to extract results on different geometries. The plot below shows the temperature evaluated at the focal point of the moving laser: Create a second line graph, showing the surface settlement, or vertical displacement, as a function of the distance from the wall. To implement the normal current boundary condition on side 1, we need access to the electric potential V_2 on side 2. How to use the General Extrusion coupling operator to probe a solution at a moving point http://comsol.com/c/10mb Here is an interesting question: How can we easily probe the solution at a point that is moving in time, but associated with a stationary geometry?. En fournissant votre adresse email, vous acceptez de recevoir des emails de COMSOL AB et de ses filiales propos du Blog COMSOL, et acceptez que COMSOL traite vos informations conformment sa Politique de confidentialit. This worked perfectly for a point moving on a surface. It is really a helpful example. this defines if you should us a linear or general Extrusion or Projection The extrusion operators constrain the normal displacement between the retaining wall and soil, forcing them to stay in contact. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. Therefore we want stress in the y-direction. Note that the source map needs to be one-to-one for the inverse to exist. Now we will create a 1D plot and a line graph, with the wall diaphragm as the selection. I suppose by point 2 you are referring to the second plot. . The variable Disp is individually defined within each of the three domains, as shown in the figure below. Lets begin by looking at a microfluidic device, as shown below. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. Extrusion operators can be used to access the electric potential on the other side of a junction. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. If we know this ahead of time, it is possible to exploit the periodicity to reduce computational requirements. Once the model has finished computing we can add some post processing to better view the results. Settings used to map data from a boundary parallel to the xy-plane along the z direction. Why are all the domains selected? The company produces standard and custom aluminum extrusions for manufacturers in the appliance, medical equipment, transportation, and automotive markets, among others. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. However, in general, we need to write the mathematical expression for the mapping. From such source-destination pairs, one can infer the general mapping from superposition. For the 2D model, I have computed the expression u(x,y). The two circles in the geometry have centers at the origin and radii of 1.0 and 1.5. The temperature will vary linearly with x. The information provided may be out of date. Within their design, a common goal is to achieve optimal mixing within a small surface area, hence the serpentine channel. The same transforms can be implemented in three dimensions. Using General Extrusion Operators to Model Periodic Structures - COMSOL Posted 15 feb 2011, 16:18 UTC Several cases are illustrated in the table below. In this blog post, we will take a look at how to use the General Extrusion coupling operator to probe a solution at a point in your geometry, and illustrate how to implement a dynamic probe using an example model. This applies a varying species concentration over the inlet boundary. General Extrusions is owned and run by the Schuler family. the destination map, not sure what the source frame should be. Linear Extrusion - COMSOL Multiphysics However, if we neglect the structure near the inlet and the outlet, we can reasonably assume that the flow within the channel bends will be identical between the unit cells. However, if we want to use variables from a 2D axisymmetric component in the physics node of a 3D component (i.e., thermal expansion), we need to utilize General Extrusion operators. The General Extrusion operator is used to define the velocity field in all three periodic domains. A long prismatic beam is made of 1000 1[m] cubes and we wish to solve for the thermal field in this beam, when we apply 2 distinct temperatures only at the ends of the beam - BUT the cubes have a 0.1[m] gap between them as seen in the attached image. Is it possible to "paste" two functions in COMSOL? In this instance, that relationship is given by. Also, are there other approaches to do this? COMSOL on Twitter: "Using the General Extrusion coupling operator in A little calculus gives us the arc length of the parabola between the origin and the source point (x,y). For example, to map data from a boundary around a centerline, introduce a cylindrical system, and use those coordinate system variables to define the source and destination map. This is why i need to convert u(x,t) back to its original form, u(x,y). General Extrusions, Inc. produces aluminum extrusions in compliance with RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) requirements. The results of the analysis, including the concentration and the mapped velocity field, are depicted below. In an upcoming blog post, we will walk you through how to use the operator to map cross-sectional data from one or several cross sections onto another cross section for geometries where the cross section dimensions do not change over the length of interest. There are four sets of results showing the deformation of the soil and retaining wall, the plastic deformation, wall deflection, and the surface settlement. Second, I used the defined the Variable Disp three times as in the images above but with different values (with increments in the periodic direction specified) while the destination map setting had as input z-Disp as suggested above but I got the error Error in multiphysics compilation. Duplicate parameter/variable name. In other words, the operators define the point-to-point map. Because the source and destination objects have different dimensions, affine transformations are impossible. Thank you! We want a depth ranging from 0 to -26 meters with a step size of two meters. The flow solution on this unit cell is also plotted, as shown below. Using a General Extrusion operator to copy data from the 2D axisymmetric domain to the corresponding 3D domain. Take a look at the figure below. I hope I have not missed it. Temperature evaluated at a point on the rotating wafer. We can tag the different sides as 1 and 2, as illustrated in the figure below. In the COMSOL multiphysics user guide you can find a better explanation of how to use the general projection operator. If the structural boundary conditions are not axisymmetric, we can save time by performing an axisymmetric thermal analysis in one component, and then mapping the temperature from the 2D axisymmetric domain to the 3D domain for structural analysis in another component. Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. have some questions. A symmetry is used because the modeled excavation is only the right half of the full excavation. General Extrusions, Inc. produces aluminum extrusions in compliance with RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) requirements. listed if standards is not an option). The materials have already been created and set up for this model. First a mapped mesh for the retaining wall domain. Discussion Closed This discussion was created more than 6 months ago and has been closed. The relationship between the source and destination points is therefore, If we want an explicit source-destination mapping of the form. In the results, how is Point 2 related to the general extrusion? Modeling Linear Motors or Generators in COMSOL Multiphysics L(x,y) = \int_{o}^{x}\sqrt{1+(y\prime)^2}d\tau = \frac{x}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x}{d})^2}). To begin, lets focus on how to replicate a Linear Extrusion operator with a General Extrusion operator. I apologize of my explanation sounds vague or ambiguous. Examples of the General Extrusion Operator - COMSOL How much easier it could have been had we only known about geomechanics simulation software. -- Posted 15 feb 2011, 11:18 GMT-5 Version 4.1 3 Replies . It is also possible to define the mapping in terms of coordinate systems. Check out our Deep Excavation Model for more information. Within the original domain, a displacement of zero is used. The number of destination map expressions is the same as the space dimension of the intermediate mesh. To do so, you can use General Extrusion operators to map the fields from the stator to the slider. Mapping of data defined on a boundary (left) along the direction normal to the plane and into a volume (right). You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version To start a new discussion with a link back to this one, click here. Only the data in the z-expression is mapped. With a voltage terminal at the bottom of the device and ground at the top of the device, the following results are obtained. Settings for the General Extrusion operator defined on the stator boundary. indeed I do not believe I really understand what you intend to do. so we choose 0.6 to be on the safe side. This button displays the currently selected search type. This can be either an explicit definition of the source point P_s as a function of P_d or an implicit relation between P_d and P_s. The Periodic Flow condition is used to set the velocity so it is identical at the inlet and outlet boundaries, allowing us to specify a pressure drop over a single unit cell. To explore the use of General Extrusion operators in other types of situations, consult the following blog posts: By providing your email address, you consent to receive emails from COMSOL AB and its affiliates about the COMSOL Blog, and agree that COMSOL may process your information according to its Privacy Policy. We are then looking at the problem of evaluating the temperature at a point that follows the rotating wafer material. Note that for axisymmetric components, variables can be viewed in 3D with a Revolution 2D data set in the Results node. All selected faces must lie in the same plane. Email: support@comsol.com. How to couple two components comp1 and comp2 with the - ResearchGate For example, you can couple edges (boundaries) in 2D to edges in 3D; or couple 2D domains to 3D faces. Note that while COMSOL employees may participate in the discussion forum, COMSOL software users who are on-subscription should submit their questions via the Support Center for a more comprehensive response from the Technical Support team. In addition to simply copying known quantities, these operators can be used to create nonlocal couplings between unknown variables, as illustrated in our p-n junction example. This works and solution time is reduced to 118s so much more in line with the case without gaps! Thank you for your time. We begin by adding the General Extrusion coupling operator from the definitions toolbar as shown in the screenshot below: Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this . I need to obtain a whole bunch of data in the variables section, ef., Mass fraction, Density and others. A pressure constraint at a single point is used to gauge fix the pressure field. I am trying to use the same for droplet evaporation. Too simple. Right click again to duplicate it twice, since we want similar settings for the second and third struts. Digging into COMSOL's Geomechanics Module | COMSOL Blog General Extrusions makes simple and intricate aluminum shapes through both long and short production runs. Add a second distribution for the bottom boundary, and enter 2 for the number of elements. listed if standards is not an option). This approach, as explained earlier, is limited to cases in which the source and destination are related by affine transformations. For example, to map data from a boundary around a centerline, introduce a cylindrical system, and use those coordinate system variables to define the source and destination map. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. comsol.com Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. Thus, the second line y^iexpression is left blank. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. The Linear Extrusion operator defines a linear extrusion that maps between geometric parts of the same dimension. To add a General Extrusion operator, we go to Definitions > Component Couplings > General Extrusion. General Extrusions is owned and run by the Schuler family.Read More. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. General Extrusions specializes in providing secondary fabrication operations to transition an aluminum extrusion to a finished component. Any affine transformation can be expressed as the sum of a linear transformation and a translation operation. Mit der Anmeldung erklre ich mich damit einverstanden, dass COMSOL meine Daten gem meinen Prferenzen und wie in der Datenschutzerklrung von COMSOL beschrieben erfasst, speichert und verarbeitet. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid.
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