The Liberian national basketball team has reached the AfroBasket twice, in 1983 and 2007. [49] The Second Liberian Civil War began in 1999 when Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy, a rebel group based in the northwest of the country, launched an armed insurrection against Taylor. Congo people, descendants of repatriated Congo and Afro-Caribbean slaves who arrived in 1825, make up an estimated 2.5%. Official name: Republic of Liberia. In Liberia the shield has been intensely folded and faulted and is interspersed with iron-bearing formations known as itabirites. Outsiders' knowledge of the west of Africa began with a Portuguese sailor, Pedro de Sintra, who reached the Liberian coast in 1461. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the Creative Commons CC0 License; all unstructured text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; . [85], Liberia is divided into fifteen counties, which, in turn, are subdivided into a total of 90 districts and further subdivided into clans. [1] The vice president serves as the President of the Senate, with a President pro tempore serving in their absence. [38] As a result of the report, President Charles D. B. Competition for office was usually contained within the party; a party nomination virtually ensured election. They are low and sandy, with miles of beaches interspersed with bar-enclosed lagoons, mangrove swamps, and a few rocky promontoriesthe highest being Cape Mount (about 1,000 feet [305 metres] in elevation) in the northwest, Cape Mesurado in Monrovia, and Cape Palmas in the southeast. [80] This causes the disease nagana. Monrovia (/ m n r o v i /) is the capital city of the West African country of Liberia.Founded in 1822, it is located on Cape Mesurado on the Atlantic coast and as of the 2008 census had 1,010,970 residents, home to 29% of Liberia's total population. The", "Data: Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access)", "Liberia: Breathing Life into ailing healthcare system", "Data: Health expenditure per capita (current US$)", "Data: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP)", "Liberian health authorities confirm two cases of Ebola: WHO", The Ebola response in West Africa: Exposing the politics and culture of international aid, "Liberia: War-Weary, With Echoes of Old Dixie", "Liberia: It's the Little Things A Reflection on Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's Journey to the Presidency", "Liberia: "Literature Must Be Given Priority", "Baa Salaka: Sacrificial Lamb A Book Review & Commentary", "George Weah: Ex-AC Milan, Chelsea & Man City striker elected Liberia president", "Liberia:Chaos Mars Grand Bassa and Nimba Clash", "Reforming Cocoa and Coffee Marketing in Liberia", "Gov't Pledges Commitment to Adopt Metric System", Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights, Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, List of countries by English-speaking population, List of countries where English is an official language, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liberia&oldid=1150057700, English-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1847, Articles with dead external links from May 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from September 2018, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Liberian English, Wikipedia introduction cleanup from January 2023, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from January 2023, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2022, Articles lacking reliable references from November 2015, Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2014, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. [68] However, Mount Nimba near Yekepa, is higher at 4,724 feet (1,440m) above sea level but is not wholly within Liberia as Nimba shares a border with Guinea and Ivory Coast and is their tallest mountain as well. Located on the West African coast, Liberia covers an area of 111,369 sq. Longest distances: 274 kilometers (170 miles) from north-northeast to south-southwest; 548 . B. Jallah to the International Association of Law Schools Conference Learning From Each Other: Enriching the Law School Curriculum in an Interrelated World Held at Soochow University Kenneth Wang School of Law, Suzhou, China, October 1719, 2007. However, hunter-gatherers have survived in the more forested parts of West Africa until much later, attesting to the strength of ecological boundaries in this region. Crane, Keith; Gompert, David C; Oliker, Olga; Riley, Kevin Jack; and Lawson, Brooke Stearns. It contains the Freeport of Monrovia, the major national port of Liberia and a variety of businesses. Colonial settlements were raided by the Kru and Grebo from their inland chiefdoms. [7], In 1822, the American Colonization Society began sending free people of color to the Pepper Coast voluntarily to establish a colony. These new inhabitants brought skills such as cotton spinning, cloth weaving, iron smelting, rice and sorghum cultivation, and social and political institutions from the Mali and Songhai empires. [19] Similar state-based organizations established colonies in Mississippi-in-Africa, Kentucky in Africa, and the Republic of Maryland, which Liberia later annexed. Includes 99 Liberia mountains. 19, Liberia is divided into 15 counties which are subdivided into 90 and further into clans. [1] The country's education sector is hampered by inadequate schools and supplies, as well as a lack of qualified teachers. Time zone: Noon = noon GMT. [195] In 2009, government expenditure on health care per capita was US$22,[196] accounting for 10.6% of total GDP. [127][128], Due to its status as a flag of convenience, Liberia has the second-largest maritime registry in the world behind Panama. "Monrovia's 'Never-Ending' Pollution Issues In 2013, Edwin M. Fayia III, "IDA Liberia: Digging Out Monrovia from the Waste of War", "2008 National Population and Housing Census: Preliminary Results", "The Model City Statute for the Liberian City", "Liberia: Police Corruption Harms Rights, Progress", http://www.odi.org/publications/8464-rape-weapon-war-liberia, "State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition", International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, "71 Countries Where Homosexuality is Illegal", "GDP per capita (current US$) |Data |Graph", "The Challenges of Post-War Reconstruction the Liberian Experience", "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Liberia", "Liberian President: Government and People are Partners in Progress", "Quarter Three Fiscal Outturn, Fiscal Year 2010/11", "Second Quarter 2010/2011 Public Debt Management Report", "Government Announces Agreement with Chevron to Explore Liberian Waters", "Palm oil industry accused of land grabs in Liberia", "Firestone and Liberia Company History", "Liberia | Agriculture and Food Security | U.S. Agency for International Development", "Agriculture - Liberia - export, area, crops, annual, farming, system", "LIBERIA COMPREHENSIVE FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION SURVEY (CFSNS) JUNE 2013", "Liberia Agriculture Sheet - Open Data for Liberia", "Rice Production Booms in Southeast Liberia", "Liberia - Agriculture and Food Security", "Quick-Action Helps Maintain Key Mining Industries during Ebola Outbreak", "Coordinating Mining Conservation Efforts in Liberia", "PPIAF Supports Telecommunications Reform and Liberalization in Liberia", "Introduction to Communication and Development in Liberia", "Transport in Liberia: How to Get Around Safely", "Options for the Development of Liberia's Energy Sector", "Behind The Power Switch in Nimba, An optimism for Vibrant Economy", "Liberia may have over 1 bln barrels in oil resources", "NOCAL 2004 Liberia Offshore Bid Round Announcement", "Liberia Opens Bidding for 10 Offshore Oil Blocks", "Third Liberian Offshore Petroleum Licensing Round 2009", "Liberia marks out new oil blocks, auction seen soon", "Chevron, Liberia Sign Deepwater Offshore Exploration Agreement", "World Population Prospects Population Division United Nations", "2008 National Population and Housing Census Final Results: Population by County", United Nations World Population Prospects: 2006 revision, "Liberia's Ugly Past: Re-writing Liberian History", "The Constitution of the Republic of Liberia Chapter IV: Citizenship", "Liberia: Ma Ellen talk plenty plenty Liberian English", "2008 Population and Housing Census: Final Results", "International Religious Freedom Report 2010: Liberia", "Making Quality Education Affordable And Assessable To All Prez. Stella Maris Polytechnic, a post-secondary, private institution of higher learning. The 16 officially recognized ethnic groups include the Kpelle, Bassa, Mano, Gio or Dan, Kru, Grebo, Krahn, Vai, Gola, Mandingo or Mandinka, Mende, Kissi, Gbandi, Loma, Dei or Dewoin, Belleh, and Americo-Liberians or Congo people (so named because many immigrants including those freed from slave ships arrived from ports at the mouth of the Congo River). Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. 6CRF9647+VR. This page was last updated on February 24, 2021, All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. [57] Upon her inauguration, Sirleaf requested the extradition of Taylor from Nigeria and transferred him to the SCSL for trial in The Hague. President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf At Official Launch and Fundraising Program Of the Grand Bassa Community College", "Government Moves Ahead With Education Decentralization Plans", "July 26 Celebrations Kick Off in Lofa As President Sirleaf Arrives", "Liberia's Weah announces free tuition for undergrads", "Starz University Aim For Global Success", "St Clements University College Liberia", "The State of the World's Midwifery 2011: Liberia", "Maternal health gets a new boost in Liberia", "Data: Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 1549)", "Liberia: Nurtitional "crisis" in Monrovia", "Data: Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5). [96], Rape and sexual assault are frequent in the post-conflict era in Liberia. [76] In 2012, President Sirleaf granted licenses to companies to cut down 58% of all the primary rainforest left in Liberia. [204], A rich literary tradition has existed in Liberia for over a century. [104] When dealing with public-facing government functionaries, 89% of Liberians say they have had to pay a bribe, the highest national percentage in the world according to the organization's 2010 Global Corruption Barometer. Liberias terrain ranges from the low and sandy coastal plains to rolling hills and dissected plateau further inland. [79] Of households where bushmeat was served, 80% of residents said they cooked it "once in a while," while 13% cooked it once a week and 7% cooked bushmeat daily. A striking feature of the mountainous northern highlands along the Guinea frontier is Mount Nimba. [208], Liberian cuisine heavily incorporates rice, the country's staple food. Other major rivers are the Lofa in the north and, moving southward, the St. Paul, St. John, and Cestos, all of which parallel each other and flow perpendicular to the coast. The internal security is characterized by a general lawlessness coupled with the danger that former combatants in the late civil war might reestablish militias to challenge the civil authorities. [143], Public electricity services are provided solely by the state-owned Liberia Electricity Corporation, which operates a small grid almost exclusively in the Greater Monrovia District. [1] Senators serve nine-year terms and are elected at-large by a plurality of the popular vote. A peace deal was signed later that month. [47] From 1989 to 1997 around 60,000 to 80,000 Liberians died, and, by 1996, around 700,000 others had been displaced into refugee camps in neighboring countries. km, Nimba is the largest country and Montserrado is the most populous one. Indigenous peoples comprise about 95 percent of the population. [80] In pigs here and in Ivory Coast, that includes Tbg group 1. [1] Each House member represents an electoral district within a county as drawn by the National Elections Commission and is elected by a plurality of the popular vote of their district into a six-year term. [57] Most parties suffer from poor organizational capacity. [199] In early August 2014 Guinea closed its borders to Liberia to help contain the spread of the virus, as more new cases were being reported in Liberia than in Guinea. As observed on Liberia's physical map, the elevation of the land gradually increases with distance from the coast. [158] Of those, 1,118,241 lived in Montserrado County, the most populous county in the country and home to the capital of Monrovia. Other ingredients include cassava, fish, bananas, citrus fruit, plantains, coconut, okra and sweet potatoes. It hosts FIFA World Cup qualifying matches in addition to international concerts and national political events. [68], Tropical rainforests cover the hills, while elephant grass and semi-deciduous forests make up the dominant vegetation in the northern sections. [39], In the mid-20th century, Liberia gradually began to modernize with American assistance. Tbg and its vector Glossina palpalis gambiense are a constant presence in the rainforests here. Adolescent girls are the most frequently assaulted, and almost 40% of perpetrators are adult men known to victims. The settlers wore top hat and tails and modeled their homes on those of Southern slaveowners. The landscape is characterized by mostly flat to rolling coastal plains that contain mangroves and swamps, which rise to a rolling plateau and low mountains in the northeast. See hiking info, trail maps, and trip reports for every peak. Nicola Jones, Janice Cooper, Elizabeth Presler-Marshall and David Walker, June 2014; "The fallout of rape as a weapon of war", ODI; Pew Forum on Religious & Public life. In 2007, the HIV infection rates stood at 2% of the population aged 1549[188] whereas the incidence of tuberculosis was 420 per 100,000 people in 2008. [26], By 1877, the True Whig Party was the country's most powerful political entity. Map of the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent, located on the African continental plate. Taylor resigned in August 2003 and went into exile in Nigeria. [86], The fifteen counties are administered by superintendents appointed by the president. James Monroe (for whom it was named) by the American Colonization Society as a settlement for freed American slaves. Behind the rolling hills, most of the countrys interior is a dissected plateau with scattered low mountains ranging from 600 to 1,000 feet (180 to 305 metres) in elevation; some mountains rise to 2,000 feet (600 metres). [90] GDP per capita peaked in 1980 at US$496, when it was comparable to Egypt's (at the time). Liberian independence was proclaimed in 1847, and its boundaries were expanded. [22] These free African Americans and their descendants married within their community and came to identify as Americo-Liberians. [40] In international affairs, it was a founding member of the United Nations, a vocal critic of South African apartheid,[41] a proponent of African independence from European colonial powers, and a supporter of Pan-Africanism. [46], The rebels soon split into various factions fighting one another. [35], In 1927, the country's elections again showed the power of the True Whig Party, with electoral proceedings that have been called some of the most rigged ever;[36] the winning candidate was declared to have received votes amounting to more than 15 times the number of eligible voters. [174] Since 2006, the government has also opened community colleges in Buchanan, Sanniquellie, and Voinjama. [24], The Americo-Liberian settlers did not relate well to the indigenous peoples they encountered, especially those in communities of the more isolated "bush". The Americo-Liberian settlers did not relate well to the indigenous peoples they encountered. [57] Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, a US-educated economist, former Minister of Finance and future Nobel Prize for Peace winner, was elected as the first female president in Africa. The three countries of Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Ivory Coast bound Liberia to the northwest, north, and east respectively. What part of Africa is Liberia located in? Associate Professor of Anthropology, University of Delaware, Newark. [43] A strategic Cold War ally of the West, Doe received significant financial backing from the United States while critics condemned the PRC for corruption and political repression. Parallel to the coastal plains is a region of rolling hills some 20 miles (32 km) wide with an average maximum elevation of about 300 feet (90 metres); a few hills rise as high as 500 feet (150 metres). Between 1822 and the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, more than 15,000 freed and free-born African Americans, along with 3,198 Afro-Caribbeans, relocated to Liberia. The most popular sport in Liberia is association football, with President George Weahthe only African to be named FIFA World Player of the Yearbeing the nation's most famous athlete. Liberia is bordered by the countries of Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, Sierra Leone, and by the Atlantic Ocean. [73] Four terrestrial ecoregions lie within Liberia's borders: Guinean montane forests, Western Guinean lowland forests, Guinean forestsavanna mosaic, and Guinean mangroves. This Island, as one of the global areas of human slave . and an interim government took power the following October. Life expectancy in Liberia is estimated to be 64.4 years in 2020. [168] While separation of church and state is mandated by the Constitution, Liberia is considered a Christian state in practice. [98][99] On July 20, 2012, the Liberian senate voted unanimously to enact legislation to prohibit and criminalize same-sex marriages. Four types of soil are found in Liberia. The House, led by a speaker, has 73 members apportioned among the 15 counties on the basis of the national census, with each county receiving a minimum of two members. [8] Gradually developing an Americo-Liberian identity, [9] [10] the settlers carried their culture and tradition with them. [71] Climate change is expected to severely impact the economy of Liberia, especially agriculture, fisheries, and forestry. The presence of Oldowan Earlier Stone Age (earliest ESA) artifacts in West Africa has been confirmed by Michael Omolewa, attesting to the presence of ancient humans. One of the most well-known Liberian quilters was Martha Ann Ricks,[203] who presented a quilt featuring the famed Liberian coffee tree to Queen Victoria in 1892. [68], The highest point wholly within Liberia is Mount Wuteve at 4,724 feet (1,440m) above sea level in the northwestern Liberia range of the West Africa Mountains and the Guinea Highlands. Professor of Geography, East Carolina College, Greenville, North Carolina. [58][59], In 2006, the government established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to address the causes and crimes of the civil war. - 13488122 Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [216] However, this change has been gradual, with government reports concurrently using both United States Customary and metric units. 2278117. The judiciary is further divided into circuit and speciality courts, magistrate courts and justices of the peace. However, Lincoln in 1862 described Liberia as only "in a certain sensea success", and proposed instead that free people of color be assisted to emigrate to Chiriqu, today part of Panama. [101] When President Sirleaf took office in 2006, she announced that corruption was "the major public enemy. ", "Ellen Describes Tubman University's Opening As PRS Success", "Remarks by H.E. Challenges of reservoir hosts and transmission cycles: Expect the unexpected", "Desert Locust Bulletin General situation during September 2021 Forecast until mid-November 2021", "Restoring the Battered and Broken Environment of Liberia One of the Keys to a New and Sustainable Future". Liberia Bordering Countries: Liberia is a country in West Africa. This was a cause for concern among the British colonial authorities of Sierra Leone and the French colonial authorities of French Guinea and the Ivory Coast as tensions with Germany increased. The climate is equatorial, with significant rainfall during the MayOctober rainy season and harsh harmattan winds the remainder of the year. [202] Most Americo-Liberian men were members of the Masonic Order of Liberia, which became heavily involved in the nation's politics. The "Black Continent" is divided roughly in two by the equator and surrounded by sea except where the Isthmus of Suez joins it to Asia. In Liberia, the Samuel Kanyon Doe Sports Complex serves as a multi-purpose stadium. [95] A history of corruption among police officers diminishes public trust and operational effectiveness. Liberia is situated in West Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean to the country's southwest. Overview: Map: Directions: Satellite: Photo Map: Overview: Map: . [29] The United States did not recognize Liberia until 1862, after the Southern states, which had strong political power in the American government, declared their secession and the formation of the Confederacy. The ethnic Kru opposed the influx of Vai, forming an alliance with the Mane to stop further influx of Vai.[17]. [88] All existing local governmentscities, townships, and a boroughwere created by specific acts of the Liberian government, and thus the structure and duties/responsibilities of each local government varies greatly from one to the other. The Atlantic Ocean borders Liberia to the south-southwest. Nimba is the largest of the counties in size at 11,551km2 (4,460sqmi), while Montserrado is the smallest at 737.069sqmi (1,909.00km2). There is a high percentage of interracial marriage between ethnic Liberians and the Lebanese, resulting in a significant mixed-race population especially in and around Monrovia. Liberia forms part of the West African Shield, a rock formation 2.7 to 3.4 billion years old, composed of granite, schist, and gneiss. While Christian, many Liberians also participate in traditional, gender-based indigenous religious secret societies, such as Poro for men and Sande for women.
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