1854). He was so pleased with the last letter I wrote to him. [93] The New Weimar Club, a formal society with Liszt at its center, held an anniversary celebration of the Neue Zeitschrift fr Musik, the magazine Robert Schumann had founded, in his birthplace Zwickau, and conspicuously neglected to invite members of the opposing party, including his widow, Clara. Although Schumann was not widely recognized as a composer for many years after her death, she had a lasting effect as a pianist. She was invited to play in a London Philharmonic Society[a] concert by conductor William Sterndale Bennett, a good friend of Robert's. 09/13/2019. ." She became one of the first soloists to play concerts without supporting artists and soon considered it preferable. Kammervirtuosin), generally reserved for much older performers. From the marriage of Friedrich Wieck and Clementine Fechner, Clara Schumanns stepmother: Wieck, Clemens (18291833), half-brotherWieck, Marie (18321916), half-sisterLike her older sister, Marie Wieck was trained by her father, Friedrich Wieck, to become a pianist. ." She cannot work at it regularly, and I am often disturbed to think how many profound ideas are lost because she cannot work them out. (Julia M. Nauhaus, translated by Thomas Henninger). B. Zerbini usually played on the same concert programs. She performed extensively and regularly throughout Germany during these decades, and had engagements in Austria, Hungary, Belgium, Holland, and Switzerland. Marie never left her mother. Schumann, Clara (1819-1896)Famous German concert pianist, composer and music teacher, wife of the composer Robert Schumann, whose innovations in performance during a 60-year career helped to shape the standard modern-day piano repertory. "Clara Schumann," in Women Making Music: The Western Art Tradition, 11501950. [48], In 1878, Schumann was appointed the first piano teacher of the new Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium in Frankfurt. Sie knnen auch verwendet werden, um ein besseres Kundenerlebnis auf dieser Website zu bieten, z. "[25] In May 1853, they heard Joachim play the solo part in Beethoven's Violin Concerto. [31] She trained only advanced pupils, mostly young women, while her two daughters gave lessons to beginners. Schumann, Music's Unsung Renaissance Woman. London: Rockliff, 1947, pp. Encouraged by her father, she studied piano from the age of five and by 1835 had established a reputation throughout Europe as a child prodigy. Like her father, Clara Schumann was an excellent teacher; she mothered her students and followed their careers with great interest. Robert then asked her father for her hand in marriage. Since Robert could not support his large family by composing, Clara performed to help meet their expenses. Marie Wieck died in Dresden on 22nd November 1916. Clara Schumann ceased to perform any of Liszt's works, and she suppressed her husband's dedication to Liszt of his Fantasie in C major when she published his complete works. Finding an orchestra, another of the tasks required of a performer, sometimes proved daunting, so she dispensed with the custom. Only modestly gifted, (b. [31] His letters indicate his strong feelings for Clara. That she was probably a little jealous of Clara can be gleaned from her memoirs Aus dem Kreise Wieck-Schumann [From the Circle of the Wiecks and the Schumanns].Wieck, Ccilie (18341893), half-sisterClaras second half-sister from the marriage of Friedrich Wieck and Clementine Fechner was mentally ill from the age of 16. Brahms received from him a letter of introduction to Robert Schumann, and thus presented himself at the Schumanns' home in Dsseldorf. First editions and early prints (Brahms Institute in Lbeck), Clara Wiecks Journey with her father in Fictionalised Biographies, Schumann as accompanist. After Clara Schumann moved to Baden-Baden as her main residence in 1863, Ludwig attended the grammar school in Karlsruhe as a guest student. )- (Tom Schumacher), Schuppe, Ernst Julius Wilhelm (18361913), https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/schumann-clara-1819-1896. The New Philharmonic Society began operating in 1852 with Dr. Wylde as co-founder: Some printed programs have been preserved in Arts & Humanities Research Council, Clara Schumann: Piano Trio in G minor, played by Galos Piano Trio at St. Martin in the Fields on 26 May 2015, Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel, her own piano versions of his orchestral works, Vol. In describing the works of the opposing school, Clara Schumann was particularly scathing of Wagner, writing of his Tannhuser, that he "wears himself out in atrocities", describing Lohengrin as "horrible", and referring to Tristan und Isolde as "the most repugnant thing I have ever seen or heard in all my life". Later on, she became a successful singing and also piano teacher. An image of Clara Schumann from an 1835 lithograph by Andreas Staub was featured on the 100 Deutsche Mark banknote from 1989 to 2002. May, Florence. At the same age, Clara had already given her debut at the Leipzig Gewandhaus concert hall. Lied and lied interpretation, Scientific articles, Schumann Journal 1-10, Appreciations in the Schumann Journal 1-10, Conference Reports (Schumann Journal 1-10), Reviews published in the Schumann Journal 1-10, 200th anniversary of Robert Schumanns birth in 2010, 200th anniversary of Clara Schumanns birth in 2019. 1845), Emil (18461847), Ludwig (b. Part of her responsibility included earning money by giving concerts, though she continued to play throughout her life, not just for the income but because she was an artist by training and nature. Marie and Elise took over many household and musical tasks; Julie married at 23 and died of tuberculosis at 27, but Elise did not leave home for marriage until she was 34, and Eugenie remained until 40. The lawsuit opened in July 1839. She gave her last concerts in Dresden at the age of 84 in December 1914 and January 1915. [57] In 1879, their son Felix died aged 24. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. When she was 15, Robert was briefly engaged to another of Wieck's pupils, Ernestine von Fricken , but this relationship was soon broken off. 1843); Julie (b. [31] These two works, while reserved for her opus 18 and 19, were never published. Discover Clara Schumann's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. She had a special gift for fine handcrafts which her mother, for instance, gave to Clara Schumann on her birthdays. When he performed, Liszt flailed his arms, tossed his head, and pursed his lips,[88] inspiring a Lisztomania across Europe which has been compared to the Beatlemania of female fans of The Beatles over a century later. In July 1859, she went to London where she taught at the Metcalfe Institute of Music in Hendon (now incorporated into London) until the beginning of 1868. Updates? She gave some advice about the Adagio, which he took to heart. Leipzig was a center for music, visited by many of Europe's leading musicians. Her husband, renowned German composer Robert Schumann, died in 1856. Who are Bruno Mars' siblings? 22 (1853), inspired by her husband's birthday. 15-year-old Clara Wieck in 1835. Today her compositions are increasingly performed and recorded. George Bernard Shaw, the leading playwright and also a music critic, wrote that the Popular Concerts helped greatly to spread and enlighten musical taste in England. She was married to the composer Robert Schumann, and the pair had seven young children. When Clara was nine, her father remarried, and her stepmother proved to be kind and loving. Clara Schumann: A Dedicated Spirit. Brahms dedicated the variations to both Schumanns, hoping that Robert would be released soon and rejoined with his family. Rising pianist Isata Kanneh-Mason illuminates the world of her musical heroine, Clara Schumann, in her 200th anniversary year. [6][9] The same year, she performed at the Leipzig home of Ernst Carus, director of the mental hospital at Colditz Castle. In 1865, he became Conductor and Director of the Conservatoire in Rotterdam, where he met his wife Hermine Tours and worked until 1874. Trained by her father to play by ear and memorize, she gave public performances from memory as early as age thirteen, a fact noted as exceptional by her reviewers. [16] Friedrich was strongly opposed to the marriage, and refused his permission. Clara initially appeared to be a disappointment, as she did not speak until she was past four and was assumed to be hard of hearing. After her marriage, she usually performed her husband's works rather than her own. [23], The Schumanns first met violinist Joseph Joachim in November 1844, when he was 14 years old. The Girlhood of Clara Schumann: Clara Wieck and Her Time. She demanded two assistants, with her daughters Marie and Eugenie in mind. Clara gave her debut concert in Leipzig at the age of seven playing Kalkbrenner 's duet, Variations on a March from . The judge allowed the marriage, which took place in Gedchtniskirche Schnefeld[de] in Leipzig-Schnefeld on 12 September 1840, the day before Clara's 21st birthday, when she attained majority status. Clara Schumann, ne Wieck, was born in Leipzig on 13 September 1819 and shot to fame as a child prodigy, performing in Paris . When she heard that Liszt and Richard Wagner would be participating in a Beethoven centenary festival in Vienna in 1870, she refused to attend.[11]. [34] She was the first to perform many of his works in public, including the Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel, a solo piano work written by Brahms in 1861. [64], As part of the broad musical education given to her by her father, Clara Wieck learned to compose, and from childhood to middle age she produced a good body of work. Clara was a child prodigy, and was trained by her father. Piatti, too, is always tremendously liked. [49][50] She had chosen Frankfurt among offers from Stuttgart, Hannover, and Berlin, because the director, Joachim Raff, had accepted her conditions: she could not teach more than 1-1/2 hours per day, was free to teach at her home, and had four months of vacation and time off for short tours in winter. In addition, Friedrich Wieck gave her singing lessons and in the 1860s, Marie performed as a solo singer. Severed from her father, Clara Schumann now faced combining marriage with a concert career, and although she continued to appear in concerts around Leipzig, her longer tours became increasingly rare. Made performance debut at age nine (1828); during an extended tour in Austria, awarded the honorary position of chamber musician (K.k. She edited the publication of her husband's work. 1854). "Clara Schumann ne Wieck," in The Art of the Piano. Ccilie was sickly, and in the spring of 1886, she went to Italy with her friend Laura Peters with the hope to improve her suffering, staying in Cadenabbia, Rome, Capri, and other places until October 1890.Claras relationship with her half-sister was close enough so that she would spend a few summer holidays together with her. ." Clara taught Alwin the piano when she was twelve years old. In her creative hands, the most ordinary passage, the most routine motive acquires a significant meaning, a colour, which only those with the most consummate artistry can give. "Robert Schumann and Clara Wieck: a Creative Partnership," in Music & Letters. She married the composer Robert Schumann, and the couple had eight children. Clara Schumann was the leading woman pianist of her age and was acknowledged as the peer of Liszt, Thalberg, and Anton Rubinstein. 626627. Clara Schumann gave birth to eight childrenMarie Schumann (b. Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany. She developed a close friendship with Johannes Brahms, who had been a housefriend and admirer of the Schumanns; but despite his many . [54], Clara and Robert Schumann had eight children:[55], Her life was punctuated by tragedy. Clara wrote that "composing gives me great pleasure there is nothing that surpasses the joy of creation, if only because through it one wins hours of self-forgetfulness, when one lives in a world of sound". Despite strong objections from her father, she married Schumann in 1840, and they had eight children between 1841 and 1854. 12 and his Op. [38], In OctoberNovember 1857, Schumann and Joachim went on a recital tour to Dresden and Leipzig. It demonstrates her loyal love for her husband, with a desire to combine two lives into one artistically, although this life-long goal involved risks. Clara Schumann (Clara Josephine Wieck) was born on 13 September, 1819 in Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony [now Saxony, Germany], is a Soundtrack, Music Department, Composer. Romantic Visions of a Classical Masterpiece. The critics acknowledged a convincing artistic achievement of the eleven-year-old. Under these conditions, she played over 1,300 public programs in England and Europe throughout her long career. Professionally, however, her life was complicated by the fact that concert managers and agents did not exist in the mid-19th century. Tonight kicks off the series with the life and music of the extraordinary composer and piano virtuoso, Clara Schumann. Jessica Duchen. Schumann himself had appreciated Bargiel and commissioned him several times to produce piano scores of his works. NY: Books and Music USA, pp. [32], Brahms played his First Symphony for her before its premiere. NY: Taplinger, 1983. Her Op. Name variations: Clara Wieck. She then had to practice for two hours every day. Edited by Jane Bowers and Judith Tick. He was 18, and asked to study with Herr Wieck after hearing Clara play. His niece Eugenie Schumann described him as [the most sensitive amongst musicians, and highly educated]. Her father Friedrich Wieck supported the family through teaching music, operating a musical lending library, and handling the rental, sales and repair of pianos; her mother Marianne Tromlitz was a singer who performed frequently in the Leipzig Gewandhaus, and had also grown up in a musical family. Clara Schumann gladly gave her lessons when she was staying in London or Clementine was on holiday in Baden-Baden. On April 28, 1833, she played part of a Schumann symphony, a first in the Leipzig Gewandhaus. [79] By the mid-1850s, after Robert's decline, the young Brahms had joined the cause,[80] and to promote her ideals and protect what she saw as an attack on her husband's beliefs, she, Brahms, and Joseph Joachim[81][82] formed a group of conservative musicians[83] who defended Robert Schumann's critical ideals of the legacy and respectability of music, the pinnacle of which had been Beethoven. Clara was still only nine when she met Robert Schumann at the home of friends. Big sister to superstar cellist Sheku Kanneh-Mason, 22-year-old Isata is a postgraduate student at The Royal Academy of Music, where 4 of the Kanneh-Mason siblings are currently studying! She lived from 1819 - 1896. Brahms secretly held Wagner's music in high esteem,[96] and eventually publicly praised Liszt's works as well. On stage, she became a towering figure in the musical world, introducing some of the finest works of her day while also shaping what is now recognized as the standard piano repertoire; off stage, her teaching influenced generations of young performers. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Another of her students, Carl Friedberg, carried the tradition to the Juilliard School in America, where his students included Nina Simone, Malcolm Frager and Bruce Hungerford. [26], Over her career, Schumann gave over 238 concerts with Joachim in Germany and Britain, more than with any other artist. In a marriage which combined two careers with so many children, it was inevitable that some conflicts would arise. The next few years were devoted mainly to Robert's compositions and to a growing family. 10, and Variations on a Theme by Robert Schumann, Op. A serious eye disease sharply curtailed her tireless work in her last years and led to blindness shortly before her death. [84], The opposing side of this "War of the Romantics", a group of radical progressives in music (most of them from Weimar) led by Liszt and Richard Wagner, desired to escape composing under the shadow of Beethoven, but to transcend the old forms and ideas of what music had been and instead create what music should be for the future. "Schumann, Clara Josephine (ne Wieck)," in International Encyclopedia of Women Composers. When Clara was eleven years old her brother fell off the roof of a . Encyclopedia.com. He has been rediscovered only recently. 1849), Eugenie Schumann (b. The Schumanns were admirers of Chopin, especially of Variations on "L ci darem la mano", and she played the piece herself. [102], In 1954, Loretta Young portrayed her on The Loretta Young Show in Season 1, Episode 26: The Clara Schumann Story (first aired on 21 March 1954), in which she supports the composing career of her husband, played by George Nader, alongside Shelley Fabares and Carleton G. Colored wood engraving from 1880 . "[70] Her husband also expressed concern about the effect on her composing output: Clara has composed a series of small pieces, which show a musical and tender ingenuity such as she has never attained before. Robert and Clara decided to go to court and sue him. 69, no. She wrote her Piano Concerto in A minor at age 14, with some help from her future husband. Encyclopedia.com. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). She fully accepted the arrangement of a shared diary, as evidenced by her many entries. Among her 68 known students who made a musical career were Natalia Janotha, Fanny Davies, Nanette Falk, Amina Goodwin, Carl Friedberg, Leonard Borwick, Ilona Eibenschtz, Adelina de Lara, Marie Olson and Mary Wurm. [11] She also complained that Wagner had spoken of her husband, Mendelssohn, and Brahms in a "scornful" way. . Clara Schumann gladly gave her lessons when she was staying in London or Clementine was on holiday in Baden-Baden. 2nd ed. He was also friends with Johannes Brahms, with whom he worked on the Chopin and Schumann complete editions. 1841); Elise (b. [31] She hired a housekeeper and a cook to keep house while she was away on her long tours. [49] Her fame attracted students from abroad, including Britain and the United States. "[12] Chopin described her playing to Franz Liszt, who came to hear one of Wieck's concerts and subsequently praised her extravagantly in a letter that was published in the Parisian Revue et Gazette Musicale and later, in translation, in the Leipzig journal Neue Zeitschrift fr Musik. Famous German concert pianist, composer and music teacher, wife of the composer Robert Schumann, whose innovations in performance during a 60-year career helped to shape the standard modern-day piano repertory. II. She wrote that musical "artists" in England "allow themselves to be treated as inferiors. These works were published a year later, after Robert's confinement, as her Op. As it was customary to play one's own compositions, she included at least one of her own works in every program, such as Variations on a Theme by Bellini (Op. Burton, Anna. [53], She was the main breadwinner for her family and the sole one after her husband was hospitalized and then died. After that, Joseph Joachim appointed Bargiel professor at the Berlin Conservatoire, where he taught with success until his death on 23rd February 1897. But Wieck also believed in addressing the needs of the whole pupil, and saw to it that she took long daily walks in the fresh air. [11] The tour marked her transition from a child prodigy to a young woman performer. Clara was the youngest of four siblings. She began touring at age eleven, and was successful in Paris and Vienna, among other cities. Another daughter, Eugenie, who had been too young when her father died to remember him, wrote a book, Erinnerungen (Memoirs), published in 1925, covering her parents and Brahms.[60][61]. She was accompanied by her oldest daughter Marie, who wrote from Manchester to her friend Rosalie Leser that in Edinburgh the pianist "was received with tempestuous applause and had to give an encore, so had Joachim. John Haag , Associate Professor of History, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. A 2008 film, Geliebte Clara (Beloved Clara), was directed by Helma Sanders-Brahms. Leonard Borwick, Nathalie Janotha , Ilona Eibenschtz , and Adelina de Lara. [8], She often took charge of finances and general household affairs. [44] She continued her annual winter-spring concert tours of England, giving 16 of them between 1865 and 1888, often with violinist Joachim.[45]. [58] In 1891, their son Ferdinand died at the age of 41, leaving his children to her care. In preparing her for a career, her father never doubted her ability or viewed her gender as a drawback. Concerto: The Story of Clara Schumann. Dubal, David. Clara Wieck (pronounced 'KLAH-rah VEEK') was born in Germany in 1819. [94] Wagner had poked fun at the musical conservatives in an essay, portraying them as "a musical temperance society" awaiting a Messiah. September brings the 200th birthday of a composer whose name is familiar, but whose creative legacy deserves far greater recognition. Wieck had definite ideas about the upbringing of female musicians, and he did not want his daughter performing the "feminine arts"; all his piano pupils were advised against sewing, knitting, or crocheting. Four months after her . Clara Schumann . "[15], Robert Schumann was a little more than nine years older than Wieck. ", In her late 40s, Schumann began to suffer from neuralgia and rheumatism, and she later grew deaf. Clara Wieck was born on September 13, 1819, in Leipzig. (April 27, 2023). [52] She was buried in Bonn at Alter Friedhof next to her husband, according to her own wish. This was also the year that Robert first kissed her. In 1837, Clara Wieck won great acclaim for her appearance at the Royal Opera House in Berlin. 54 / work by Schumann", International Music Score Library Project, Clara Schumann: A Composers Wife as Composer, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clara_Schumann&oldid=1152121828, Chamber virtuosi of the Emperor of Austria, Honorary Members of the Royal Philharmonic Society, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes), Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl), Articles with International Music Score Library Project links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Burstein, L. Poundie: "Their Paths, Her Ways Comparison of Text Settings by Clara Schumann and Other Composers". Austrian-born pianist Artur Schnabel (18821951) was the first artist to record all of Beethoven's piano sonatas. During the 19th century, no pianist dominated the concert stage for a longer period than Clara Schumann. Clara Schumann wrote her first music while still a child, but as she grew older she found less time and energy for composing. Name variations: Clara Wieck. Concerning Alwins death, Clara Schumann wrote to her friend Rosalie Leser: [If I had only seen him one more time! Regarded as one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence over the course of a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital by lessening the importance of purely virtuosic works. She was also instrumental in changing the kind of program expected of concert pianists. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1985. B. das sichere Einloggen, das Laden von Bildern oder die Auswahl Ihrer Cookie-Einstellungen. [31] Their first son, Emil, died in 1847, aged only 1. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. She also became the authoritative editor of their works for Breitkopf und Hrtel. Her husband was permanently institutionalized after a mental collapse. [29] Robert published an article highly lauding Brahms, and Clara wrote in the diary that Brahms "seemed as if sent straight from God". Second violinist Joseph Ries (brother of composer Ferdinand Ries) and violist J. To support her family, Clara Schumann went back to extended touring, eager now to bring Robert's music to the world. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1986, pp. Schumann, Clara She began studying the piano with her domineering and difficult father, whom her mother, a talented singer, later divorced. [106][107] The back of the banknote shows a grand piano she played and the exterior of Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium, where she taught. [20] Brahms composed some private piano pieces for her to console her: four piano pieces and a set of variations on a theme by Robert Schumann that she had also written variations on a year earlier, as her Op. [46] She rested for the remainder of the year before returning to the concert stage in March 1875. However, Marie was not as talented as Clara at all. [34] She had not fully recovered, and experienced more neuralgia in her arm again in May, reporting that she "could not write on account of my arm". [32] Their relationship has been interpreted as somewhere between friendship and love,[33] and Brahms always maintained the utmost respect for her, as a woman and a talented musician. But to have children, and a husband who is always living in the realm of imagination, does not go together with composing. Several of the proponents and signers of the manifesto, including Joachim, relented and joined the "other side". [24] A year later, Clara Schumann wrote in her diary that in a concert on 11 November 1845, "little Joachim was very much liked. [6], In 1835, she performed her Piano Concerto in A minor with the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, conducted by Mendelssohn. Over time, her repertoire improved, with the dropping of flashy display pieces in favor of works by Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Schumann, and Brahms. ], Wieck, Gustav Robert Anton (18231884), brotherFriedrich Wieck also cared relatively little about Gustav, since his primary focus was on training his daughter Clara so that she would become a virtuoso. Eugen Bargiel was often criticised by his family because of a certain insouciance, but he was an amiable person and his brother Woldemar was very attached to him in memory of the youth they spent together.Bargiel, Clementine (1835 Berlin 1869 Johannisbad [now Jansk Lzn] / Bohemia), half-sisterClementine Bargiel was also very musical and was taught the piano by her mother and her brother Woldemar. [12] Franz Grillparzer, Austria's leading dramatic poet, wrote a poem entitled "Clara Wieck and Beethoven" after hearing her perform Beethoven's Appassionata sonata during one of these recitals. The controversy eventually died down, but Clara Schumann remained steadfast in her disapproval of the New German School's music during her lifetime. But Robert, the musical public, and reviewers all took Clara's compositions seriously. Gustav became an instrument maker and went to Vienna in 1838, where Schumann frequently spent time with him during his prolonged stay.In 1845, Gustav was staying in Weimar, but later lived again in Vienna permanently, where he also died.Wieck, Victor (1824/1827), brother.
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