. The Names of the rich Towns lying along the sea coast on the north side from the equinoctial of the mainland of America under the kinge of Spaine. 3. Around that time he became a minister. That the limits of the king of Spains dominions in the West Indies be nothing so large as is generally imagined and surmised, neither those parts which he holdeth be of any such forces as is falsely given out by the popish Clergy and others his suitors, to terrify the Princes of the Religion and to abuse and blind them. In Mare Liberum, Grotius denied that the 1493 donation by Pope Alexander VI that had divided the oceans between Spain and Portugal entitled Spain to make territorial claims to North America. Hakluyt is a firm believer of colonization owing to the nationalistic, social, and economic benefits it might bring to England. As Hakluyt points out, the desire for peace, change, stability, and economic wellness of England is the driving force for robust territorial possession. That this western voyage will yield unto us all the commodities of Europe, Africa, and Asia, as far as we were wont to travel, and supply the wants of all our decayed trades. discussed in biography In Richard Hakluyt a report, known briefly as Discourse of Western Planting (written in 1584), which set out very forcefully the political and economic benefits from such a colony and the necessity for state financial support of the project. He is known for promoting the English colonization of North America through his works, notably Divers Voyages Touching the Discoverie of America (1582) and The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589-1600). He gave information to the newly formed East India Company and continued his interest in the North American colonizing project; he was one of the chief promoters of the petition to the crown for patents to colonize Virginia in 1606 and at one point contemplated a voyage to the colony. He carefully explores economic concerns and articulates a number of issues towards colonization. His books encouraged those living in England to begin to prepare to settle in North America and found colonies that later become the basis for the future United States. Exploration, American Beginnings: 1492-1690, Primary Resources in U.S student. Hakluyt dedicated to Cecil the second (1599) and third volumes (1600) of the expanded edition of Principal Navigations and also his edition of Galvo's Discoveries (1601). Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. 8 April. Richard Hakluyt, Reasons For Colonization, 1585 - ETTC New World Exploration and English Ambition - PBS Richard Hakluyt | Biography, Significance, & Facts | Britannica That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. B. A prominent English attorney and his younger cousin, both named Richard Hakluyt, urged the English government to begin settlements in lands claimed nearly a century earlier by John and Sebastian Cabot who explored North America for King Henry VII of England. Urging their countrymen to join in the race for the colonization of the New World were two men, an uncle and his nephew, each named Richard Hakluyt. After his father's death, Haklyut's cousin, Richard Hakluyt the Elder, took him under his care. Discourse Concerning Western Planting - Wikipedia These works were a fertile source of material for William Shakespeare[4] and other authors. He also published numerous geographical works describing North America and early English exploration of the New World. That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. During this time, Hakluyt became increasingly convinced that England should lay claim to the territories in North America as quickly as possible, and gained support for his plan from influential men such as Francis Walsingham and Robert Cecil. Richard Hakluyt (1552-1616) No account of Elizabethan exploration is complete without mentioning Hakluyt. He cites that it will provide more room for English citizens to expand and move to colonized areas, trade and regulate trade with other nations. Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. Create your account. [5][8], Richard Hakluyt, the second of four sons, was born in Eyton in Herefordshire in 1553. Hakluyt's great collection has been called "the Prose Epic of the modern English nation" by historian James Anthony Froude. His attitude towards the enemies of England clearly brings out pervasive anti-Spanish sentiments that have been embraced by England to formulate national identity and create a transatlantic empire. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Hakluyt's other works during his time in Paris consisted mainly of translations and compilations, with his own dedications and prefaces. In the treatise, he argued that colonization was an opportunity to proselytize the Protestant faith, exploit America's natural resources, create new trade markets, and offer work to the unemployed. One of the issues discussed is the expansion desire for English citizens. In this document, Hakluyt outlined particular points highlighting the benefits of colonization for the English people. [10] In 1605 he secured the prospective living of Jamestown, the intended capital of the intended colony of Virginia. in history, and a doctoral degree in interdisciplinary studies with a focus on early modern Scotland. His only concern is the occupation of land for military and economic purposes because it would involve violent means. The possibility of the enlarging of the dominions of the Queens Most Excellent Majesty, and consequently of her honour, revenues, and of her power by this enterprise. . He presented his Discourse of Western Planting to Queen Elizabeth I in manuscript, but it was not actually printed until almost three hundred years later. April 8, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/english-colonization-of-america-in-hakluyts-view/. That the passage in this voyage is easy and short, that it cutteth not near the trade of any other mighty Princes, nor near their Countries, that it is to be performed at all tymes of the year, and needeth but one kind of wind, that Ireland being full of good heavens on the south and west sides, is the nearest part of Europe to it, which by this trade shall be in more security, and the sooner drawn to more Civility. Cultural & Economic Interactions Between Native Americans & Europeans, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Richard Hakluyt's Reasons for Colonization, The Old World and New World: Why Europeans Sailed to the Americas, Great Explorers of Spain and Portugal: Aims & Discoveries, Mapping the World, Seaborne Commerce & Piracy, Conquistadors and Encomienda System: Definition & Savaging of the New World, North American Exploration & Failed Colonies of France & England, New France, New Netherlands & New Sweden: North American Settlements, The Mayflower and the Plymouth Rock Settlement, The Puritans and the Founding of the New England Colonies, The Southern Colonies: Settlement and Growth, The Middle Colonies: New York, Delaware, New Jersey & Pennsylvania, Rise of the Slave Trade: Black History in Colonial America, The 13 Colonies: Developing Economy & Overseas Trade, British Colonies in Africa: History & Map, Richard Hakluyt: Biography & Significance, The Industrial Revolution & Enlightenment, Praxis World & U.S. History - Content Knowledge (5941): Practice & Study Guide, GED Social Studies: Civics & Government, US History, Economics, Geography & World, CLEP History of the United States I - Early Colonization to 1877 Prep, High School US History Syllabus Resource & Lesson Plans, High School World History Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, The Second Triumvirate: Members & Overview, The Role of Kashmir in India-Pakistan Relations, The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: Origins, Events & Consequences, Peace Negotiations, Diplomacy & the Indo-Pakistan Conflict, The 1982 Lebanon War: Origins, Events & Outcomes, The Social & Economic Impact of the Yugoslav Wars, Displacement of Refugees in the Middle Eastern Conflicts, Comparing and Contrasting Early American Presidents: Essay Prompts, Analyzing Important Documents in American History: Essay Prompts, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Proselytizing Protestant faith to Native Americans, Gaining access to natural resources of North America, Creating an opportunity for impoverished English people to find work in the colonies, Creating a new market in the colonies for goods produced in England. Author and geographer Richard Hakluyt decided to write about the Americas as encouragement for others to learn about them. [25] The translation may also have been part of the propaganda encouraging English people to settle in Virginia. [23][26] Hakluyt's handwritten manuscript, MS Petyt 529, in Inner Temple Library in London was eventually published as The Free Sea for the first time in 2004. An ordained priest, Hakluyt held important positions at Bristol Cathedral and Westminster Abbey and was personal chaplain to Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, principal Secretary of State to Elizabeth I and James I. Richard Hakluyt's Inducements to the Liking of the Voyage Intended towards Virginia, 1585"> the "excellent and fertile soile" on both sides of north america 's "greate and deep" natural waterways promised "all things that the life of man doth require," and whatever settlers wanted to plant they could expect to harvest in abundance sufficient to "trafficke in." Hence, religion is a careful strategy aimed at providing compassion and hope for the poor natives and the low-class English population while punishing the wicked through doctrinal or religious teachings. Richard Hakluyt was one of the first to write about the exploration of the Americas in English. In 1589 he published the first edition of his chief work, The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation, using eyewitness accounts as far as possible. (2021, April 8). What is the importance of Richard Hakluyt to the history of early English colonization then? to the reliefe of the colonie planted in Virginia, in . Hakluyt (1552-1616) was a geographer, historian, editor, and leading promoter of English colonial expansion in North America. He dedicated much of his career to convincing his contemporaries about the necessity of England establishing its own colonies. Hakluyt served in Paris also as a kind of intelligence officer, collecting information on the fur trade of Canada and on overseas enterprises from French and exiled Portuguese pilots. 12 (11thed.). A brief collection of certain reasons to induce her Majestie and the state to take in hand the western voyage and the planting there. Richard Hakluyt presented the work privately to the queen in 1584. "Richard Hakluyt contributed more to English letters, and has had more effect on English writing, than any other man who ever lived, with the possible exception of Shakespeare." 2.8: Primary Sources - Humanities LibreTexts
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